Harvest Index — an indicator used to assess the efficiency of crop production. Simply put, it is the ratio of what is harvested to what was grown.

Penetrometer — a device used to measure soil compaction. It answers a simple question: how easily can roots “breathe” and grow in the soil?

Scarification — mechanical or chemical weakening of a seed’s hard outer coat. It is used to promote faster and more uniform germination.

Fumigation — a method of disinfecting soil or grain using gases. It helps control pests and preserve product quality.

Soil salinity — an excessive concentration of salts in the soil. It hinders plant growth and requires a specific approach to cultivation and crop selection.

Knowing the terms = making better decisions in the field.